Has Clicktivism Significantly Changed Native American...

Has Clicktivism significantly changed Native American struggles over land and resources through protest and activism? Clicktivism otherwise known as internet activism has in a very short amount of time become transformative to wider protest and activism. As elaborated on by Robin Cohen et al when referring to Native Americans. â€Å"These technologies enable them to build sites of counter-hegemonic power which give unprecedented exposure to their politics of naming and shaming to reclaim their traditions and lands through the assertion of rights.† (2000, pp.21). Indigenous struggles for their land and resources is far from a recent phenomenon as it pre-exists the industrial revolution and has been a continuous process in America for over 500†¦show more content†¦The forestalling and brief suspension of the project was aided by online activism which allowed non-native supporters to join the protest and attract media coverage. The DAPL protest highlights the positive influence of internet activism on Indigenous protest in North America, which has subsided in its effectiveness since its highly influential protests in the 1960s and 1970s. The most famous of these protests are the occupation of Alcatraz Island in 1969, the 1970 occupation of Mount Rushmore which is sacred to the Sioux and which was illegally taken. These protests were launched to raise awareness of injustices committed against indigenous groups in the USA. One of the largest concerns around which many of the 1960s protests were centred around was the Indian termination policy. This policy removed any concessions given by the US government to Native American tribes through treaties. It is important to note that because of treaties protection in the US constitution that they are indefinite and cannot expire. Through enforcing treaties such as the return of surplus federal land to the Native people from whom it was taken as was the case in Alcatraz. Awareness by the general public of indigenous injustices and struggles over land and resources increases. To build on the previous point of injustices towards Native Americans by over controlling government, the nautonomy that affects theShow MoreRelatedNative American Self Determination Movement1441 Words   |  6 Pagesfollowing on from this last point the Native American self-determination movement has achieved almost all of its victories without outside help. Indeed many organisations such as the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI), Native American Rights Fund (NARF) and National Alaska Native American Indian Nurses Association (NANAINA) are run by and for Native Americans and their interests. As with most civil rights movements but even more the case as Native Americans have their own sovereign citizenship

Accounting Standards Regulations Example

Essays on Accounting Standards Regulations Essay Introduction This paper is basically discussing the activities of BrisConnections Company which had the task of constructing the M7 toll road (Airport link) in Brisbane. The paper expounds on how the company faced financial crisis during the construction of the road. The paper also looks into how the company used different method to recover the impaired asset. Future Tolling Rights This is a situation whereby, after the government or a confirmed company builds roads and bridges; invites tenders to give an operation and management contract for a given period of time at a fee. The operation-and-management’s company main duty is to maintain the bridges and roads by collecting toll on behalf of the government. This was the case with BrisConnections Company which was the toll operator of Brisbane’s $ 4.8 billion Airport link toll road (Janda, 2013) Toll is the sum of money paid for the right to use roads, highways and bridges. The fee can be different for different types of vehicles; the fee for heavy vehicles is not the same as that charged on light vehicles. The money used is used in maintaining the roads as the government tries to recover the amount of money used in the construction of the roads and bridges. The future tolling rights in the balance sheet of BrisConnections, which exist in the category of intangible assets, can be defined as the amount of money the Company is expecting to collect from the road constructed (BrisConnections, 2012). BrisConnections Company was collecting the money as a source of tax and to facilitate the financing of infrastructure development. Tolling of roads users provides one of the most appropriate means of recovering some or even the total sum of money, which can be used by the government or a confirmed company to invest in building new highway infrastructure or bridges. Tolling is mostly practiced for major projects that can lead to a significant increase in revenue collected; this is because the revenue collected is used in developing more infrastructures. Tolling also will be implemented by any government only if there are clear net benefits for the users of the new or improved facility; this makes the users feel their money is well spent (Ministry of Transport, 2003). The legal requirement of Future tolling rights is that, public consultations are necessary in cases where new tolls are in consideration. The government enacts this by making sure that all affected communities are informed about the tolling process. The other legal requirement is that the public will have the same rights of access to tolled roads as non-tolled roads. The reason why future tolling rights asset satisfies the definition of assets from the AASB frame work is because in business, we have some assets called accounts receivables. Account receivables are the amount of money a company is expecting to receive from debtor’s .This means that the BrisConnections can treat future tolling rights as account receivables; this is because the toll is due, and the road users are the debtors to the BrisConnections Company (Poole and Bochers, 1978). Intangible assets are simply treated as general assets in accounting, this so because they can be treated as accounts receivables when being entered in the balance sheet of a company. All future payments to be received by BrisConnections should be treated as a general asset (Iron Side, 2013). After completion of the completion of Thiess Infrastructure, Trust and John Holland Infrastructure Trust BrisConnections is expected to have subscribed for $ 100, 000,000 of stapled units at $ 3.3933 per stapled unit. This subscription is expected in the first 24 months after completion of the project. The amount is discounted to present value ($146, 920747), and reflected in equity which corresponds to receivable (intangible asset). Impaired asset is the one which its cash generating unit exceed its recoverable amount. Such asset will be written down to its recoverable sum (Beveridge, 2013). To estimate the value in use, a company’s discount estimated cash flow to their present value through the use of a discount rate which reflects the current market assessment of the time value of money and the risks directed to the asset. The above process is the best for the BrisConnections to use to determine the recoverable amount (Bartholomeusz, 2013). The impaired analysis of BrisConnections have one assumption that the percentages changes provided would make the company realize an excess value (Carlin, 2008). This is good news concerning the impaired asset; this assumption means that the impaired asset is recoverable. The analysis is a booster to the BrisConnections; this is because it is proofing that within the recoverable asset (spent cash) can be recovered a good amount within a period of 36 months. Conclusion BrisConnections is a company with the mandate of being operating Brisbane’s $48 billion Airport Link toll road, the project has been discovered as a dead parrot. This is due to BrisConnections failure to recover its impaired recoverable assets; an issue that made some banks which supported BrisConnections Company to withdraw from supporting the Company which seemed to be operating at a loss. References Bartholomeusz, S., 2013, BrisConnections runs out of road. [Online] Available at   [accessed 19/10/2013]. Beveridge, J., 2013, Unrealistic traffic predictions fuelled the collapse of BrisConnections, The Herald-Sun, [Online] Available at   [accessed 19/10/2013]. BrisConnections, 2012, Annual report, [Online] available at http://www.brisconnections.com.au/media/13441/bcs_annual_report_2012_v2.pdf [accessed 19/10/2013]. Carlin, M., 2008, Discounts rates in disarray: evidence. Sydney: Marquarie University. Gluyas, R., and A. Fraser, 2013, â€Å"BrisConnections calls in receivers as banks reject revamp plan†, The Australian, 20th February, 2013, [Online] available at http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/companies/brisconnections-calls-in- receivers-as-banks-reject-revamp-plan/story-fn91v9q3-1226581465097 [accessed 19/10/2013] Ironside, R., 2013, â€Å"Academic claims BrisConnections business modeling geared towards securing investors.†, The Courier Mail 20th February, 2013, [Online] available at http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/demise-of-brisconnections-casts-doubt-on-the-future-of-private-investment-in-roads/story-e6freoof-1226581503944 [accessed 19/10/2013] Janda, M., 2013, â€Å"BrisConnectionsdrivenintoreceivership†, ABC News, 20thFebruary, 2013, [Online] Available at http://www.abc.net.au/news/2013-02-19/brisconnections-appoints-receivers/4527976 [accessed18/10/2013] Ministry of Transport, 2003. Guidelines for Tolling: British Columbia, April 2003, [Online] Available at http://www.th.gov.bc.ca/Publications/reports_and_studies/tolling/index.htm, [Accessed on 19/ 10/ 2013] Poole, L. and Bochers, M., 1978, Accounts payable and Accounts Receivable, Berkeley, Calif: A, Osborne.

Electromagnetic Radiation and Valence Electrons Free Essays

Introductory Chemistry, 2e (Tro) Chapter 9 – Electrons in Atoms and the Periodic Table True/False Questions 1) When the elements are arranged in order of increasing number of protons, certain sets of properties recur periodically. 5) A particle of light is called a packet. 9) Ultraviolet light produces suntans and sunburns. We will write a custom essay sample on Electromagnetic Radiation and Valence Electrons or any similar topic only for you Order Now 13) Electrons behave like particles and we can describe their exact paths. 17) The ground state is when an electron in an atom is excited into the lowest possible vacant orbital. 21) Bromine has 17 valence electrons. 5) The atomic radius of lithium is larger than the atomic radius of nitrogen. Multiple Choice Questions 29) The number of cycles of a wave that passes a stationary point in one second is called its A) wavelength B) frequency C) crest D) trough E) none of the above 33) Which color of the visible spectrum has photons with the most energy? A) red B) orange C) green D) violet E) yellow 37) Which form of electromagnetic radiation has the longest wavelength? A) Radio Waves B) Microwaves C) X-rays D) Gamma Rays E) Infrared Radiation 41) Which form of electromagnetic radiation has photons with the lowest energy? A) Radio Waves B) Microwaves C) X-rays D) Gamma Rays E) Infrared Radiation 45) Which statement below does NOT follow the Bohr Model? A) When energy is absorbed by atoms, the electrons are promoted to higher-energy orbits. B) When an atom emits light, electrons fall from a higher orbit into a lower orbit. C) The energy emitted from a relaxing electron can have any wavelength. D) Electrons exist in specific, quantized orbits. E) none of the above 49) How many subshells are there in the n = 4 principal shell? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) not enough information 53) Which one of the following is the correct orbital diagram for nitrogen? A) ^v ^v v v ^ B) ^v vv v ^ ^ C) ^v vv ^ ^ ^ D) ^v ^v ^ ^ ^ E) none of the above 57) How many electrons are unpaired in the orbitals of nitrogen? 61) How many core electrons are in a chlorine atom? A) 14 B) 5 C) 9 D) 3 E) none of the above A) 1 B) 17 C) 10 D) 7 E) none of the above 65) What do the alkali metals all have in common? A) They all undergo similar reactions. B) They all have similar physical properties. C) They all form +1 ions. D) They all have the same number of valence electrons. E) all of the above 69) The size of an atom generally increases A) down a group and from right to left across a period. B) up a group and from left to right across a period. C) down a group and from left to right across a period. D) up a group and from right to left across a period. E) up a group and diagonally across the Periodic Table. 73) Which of the following atoms is the smallest? A) Li B) Be C) B D) O E) Ne Answers 1t 5f 9t 13f 17f 21f 25t 29b 33d 37a 41a 45c 49d 53d 57d 61c 65e 69a How to cite Electromagnetic Radiation and Valence Electrons, Papers

Concept Maps Visualise Artifice Of Teaching -Mhyassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Concept Maps Visualise Artifice Of Teaching? Answer: Introduction Commonplace regulation and statutory law can be different on basis of the following points. Firstly, case law also known as common law is a system of felony where judges make choices within the forms, which can be used as a basis for, future instances that might be similar. Then again, statutory law is set up via legislative frames, written in a formal manner and regulates conduct of the members. Secondly, common Law provides the instructions about the choices that should be made for specific cases[1]. The statutory law, in contrast prescribes the exceptional policies that govern of the society. Thirdly, common law is predicated on the recorded judicial, which suggests that judges will apply the knowledge of applicable statistics and evidences of a particular in order to look for decisions that were made by the court in similar cases that took place in the past. Statutory regulation as opposed to common law is primarily based on the different statutes that have been imposed as well a s enacted by the countrys legislative frame. Fourthly, Common Law, on the procedural front sizeable in nature and can be amended with the use of statutory law, whereas amendment of a statutory law, would require the mounting of a separate statute as a whole. Meaning of common law when it is compared to civil law There are numerous differences between the two systems. Countries where common law is practiced, caselawis of primary importance and exists in the form of judicial opinions that are published.Civil lawsystems, on the other hand have a predominating amount of statutes, which have been codified. Legal systems around the world vary greatly, but each of them usually uses the civil commandment or common law. Within common law, cases that are at hand require the usage of previous judicial rulings or past legal precedents. Codified statutes as well as ordinances have the upper hand in civil law. Countries like South Africa make effective usage by combining both civil as well as common law. A different meaning of civil law Civil law can be defined from a different light altogether. It is a body of policies, which has the control over the various governmental disputes among people and their remedies and personal rights[2]. Civil regulation structures have their roots from historical Rome, and re ruled by similar doctrines that have been developed and compiled by legal students. Legislators and administrators who belong to the nations having civil regulation, uses those doctrines in order to fashion certain codes which would determine all criminal controversies. Difference between public law and private law Public regulation governs the man or woman, citizen or organization, and the kingdom, whilst personal regulation applies to individuals[3]. Public law offers with a more scope, whilst private law offers with a extra particular scope. Public regulation deals more with issues that have an effect on the majority or the country itself, whereas, private regulation focuses greater on issues affecting non-public people, or businesses. The connection of common law and equity from the 14th century to the 19th century Equity is often considered to be a enhancement to the common law. Equity as definite by Curzon is an arrangement of law, which had been enhanced by the court of chancery comparable to the common law. It was designed to provide remedies for instances that were unavailable at Law[4] sand thus provides further support the common law. Due to such a nature, Equity provides a certain degree of flexibility and justice that the common law often lacked owing to its rigidity which in turn is a result of the fact that within the period between 13th to 19th century, the rudimental grounds and perceptible forms of the law remained unbothered even though courts sometimes altered their jurisdictions and procedures[5]. The significance of judiciary Act The Parliament of the United Kingdom passed the highest Court of Judicature Act in 1873 (every so often known as the Judicature Act 1873) which recognized the High Court and the Court of Appeal by reorganizing the English court system. Additionally, it also provided for the first time, the elimination of the legal functions of the House of Lords with high opinion to England. Although, it could have maintained those functions in context to Ireland and Scotland as well, the move fell through with the Gladstone Liberal government in 1874, well previous to it came into strength. The Disraeli Conservative government which followed then suspended the act and barred it from coming into force by way of so forth acts passed in 1874 and 1875[6]. Recent remedies in English law are common law and which are equitable and the significance of the above dissimilarity. Fairness has been significant in order to supplement many fresh treatments to the common regulation. A number of the most imperative are the ones of specific overall performance, sanction, rescission and alteration. A degree of unique overall presentation compels the defendant to perform his side of the negotiation at the same time as an injunction prevents a person from acting a sure act. The remedies advanced through fairness, are, wonderful from the common law remedy of compensation, concern to the discretion of the choice. Accordingly a judge will decide that, for claimants to be approved fair treatments they ought to come to court docket with clear work, they must have behaved justifiably and ought to not have behind schedule in searching for the intrusion of equity. Or else, if reimbursements are a good enough treatment, then there may be no want to alternative an equitable treatment. Another distinction among commonplace law and equitable rights is the idea of believe. Consist ent with Haley and Mc Murtry, that said that the concept of believe has been the car for a great deal creative hobby on the part of the courts of equity. It acknowledged the words while the common regulation had refused to the lifestyles of a recipient and make available remedies for has not accepted as true with alongside a trustee who failed to perform its work. Besides, equitable rights acts in personality, while common law rights act in rem. which means that fairness remedies are private in that they exercising towards precise humans accept, a bona fide patron of a legal property for fee without note of the previous equitable rights. For instance, in which a person build a domestic on a person elses land, with the knowledge that the possession of the property would be transferred to them on of conclusion. If the land proprietor refused to carry out this duty, the builder of the house could don't have any action under common regulation; but equity will do something in opposition to the character and order him to do something which includes precise presentation. Common law and equitable proper has two unlike function in that, not unusual law states popular regulations which give reality, whereas, equitable rights acts as a verify and balance of common regulation. This originates from the stern application of the commonplace regulatio References Dobbs, D. and others.Law of remedies: damages, equity, restitution (2017). West Academic. Light, Russell S., ed.Structuring venture capital, private equity and entrepreneurial transactions. Wolters Kluwer Law Business, (2015). Llewellyn, Karl N.The common law tradition: Deciding appeals. Vol. 16. Quid Pro Books, (2016). Marcenaro, Edoardo. "Energy Contracts at the Crossroad between Public Law and Private Law: The Relevance of Sustainability Objectives in International EPC Contracts."European Investment Law and Arbitration Review Online2.1 (2017): 245-257. Singh, Ajay Kumar. "Role of judiciary in the effective implementation of domestic violence act, 2005."Vidhigya: The Journal of Legal Awareness10.2 (2015). Smith, Lionel. "Loyalty and Politics: From Case Law to Statute Law." (2015). Watkin, Thomas Glyn.An historical introduction to modern civil law. Taylor Francis, (2017).

Active Listening Skills in the Healthcare Environment

What You Need to Know About Mad Cow Disease

What You Need to Know About Mad Cow Disease When it comes to Mad Cow Disease, its difficult to separate fact from fiction and hard data from supposition. Part of the problem is political and economical, but a lot of it is based in biochemistry. The infectious agent that causes Mad Cow Disease isnt easy to characterize or destroy. Plus, it can be hard to sort through all of the different acronyms used for the scientific and medical terms. Heres a summary of what you need to know: What is Mad Cow Disease Mad Cow Disease (MCD) is Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), except that Mad Cow Disease is much easier to pronounce!The disease is caused by prions.Prions can cross between species (although not all species get diseases from them). Cattle get the disease from eating infected food, such as feed that contains rendered parts of infected sheep. Yes, cattle are grazing creatures, but their diets may be supplemented with protein from another animal source.Cattle dont immediately get sick from eating the prions. It can take months or years for Mad Cow Disease to develop. Tell Me About Prions Simply put, prions are proteins that can cause disease.Prions arent alive, so you cant kill them. Proteins can be inactivated by denaturing them (e.g., extreme heat, certain chemical agents), but these same processes usually destroy food, so there isnt an effective method to decontaminate beef.Prions naturally occur in your body, so they are not recognized as foreign and dont stimulate the immune system. They have the potential to cause disease, but wont automatically harm you.Disease-causing prions may physically contact normal prions, altering them so that they too can cause disease. The mechanism of prion action is not well understood. How Do You Get Mad Cow Disease? Technically, you cant get Mad Cow Disease or Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, because you arent a cow. People who get a disease from exposure to the prion develop a variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) known as vCJD. You can develop CJD randomly or from a genetic mutation, completely unrelated to Mad Cow Disease. MCD, BSE, CJD, and vCJD are all members of a class of diseases called transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE).It appears that some people are genetically pre-disposed toward developing TSEs. This means that the risk of contracting the disease is not equal for all people. Some people may be more at risk; others may have a natural protection.CJD occurs randomly in about one out of a million people.The inherited version of CJD accounts for about 5-10% of all cases.vCJD may be passed on by tissue implants and theoretically by blood transfusion or blood products. Beef Safety It is not known how much beef has to be eaten to cause infection.Nerve tissue (e.g., brain) and various ground meat products and by-products carry the infectious agents.Muscle tissue (meat) may carry the infectious agent.Rendering or processing foods can (with difficulty) destroy prions.Normal cooking will not destroy prions. What Does the Disease Do in People? TSEs, including vCJD, kill neurons in the brain.The diseases have a long incubation period (months to years), so there is a long time between the point of infection and contracting the actual disease.The death of neurons causes the brain to appear like a sponge (areas of open space between groups of cells).All TSEs are presently incurable and fatal.vCJD affects younger patients than CJD (average age 29 years for vCJD, as opposed to 65 years for CJD) and has a longer duration of illness (14 months as opposed to 4.5 months). How Can I Protect Myself? Avoid eating parts of the cow that are likely to carry the infection (brain, ground products, which could include hot dogs, bologna, or certain luncheon meats).Remember that it is possible that muscle may carry the disease, although it would carry the prion in much lower quantities. Its your choice whether to eat beef or not.Milk and milk products are believed to be safe. Be Careful What You Eat Dont eat processed meat from an unknown source. The manufacturer listed on the label is not necessarily the source of the meat. Mad Cow Disease affects nervous tissue. Until it is known whether only the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) or whether the peripheral nervous system (e.g., nerves that are in muscles) are affected, there may be risk involved in eating any parts of infected beef. That is not to say that eating beef is unsafe! Eating steaks, roasts, or burgers known to have been made from uninfected herds is perfectly safe. However, it may be harder to know the origins of the meat in processed meat products.

Early Islam and Islam Today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Early Islam and Islam Today - Essay Example The culture and beliefs of Muslims are also discussed. This paper also presents a brief overview on both historical and modern Islam, worldwide and in America. Culture and Beliefs of Muslims Islam is a monotheistic religion and Muslims believe in the oneness of god. They have five basic principles that they call the â€Å"pillars† of Islam (Shepard, 2009). The first pillar is that of the Shahada, which is the declaration that there is only one god and prophet Muhammad is his messenger. The second pillar is the Salah, i.e. prayer, which is performed five times a day. The third pillar is the Zakah, i.e. charity for the poor. The fourth pillar is the Sawm, which means fasting. Muslims fast during the entire month of Ramazan, a holy month of the Islamic calendar. It is believed that the Quran, the word of God (Allah), began to be revealed to Prophet Muhammad by angel Gabriel during this month. The fifth and final pillar of Islam is Hajj, or pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca, at least once in a lifetime (Shepard, 2009). Muhammad, who is believed by Muslims to be a prophet and messenger of Allah, founded Islam. Islam abolished the practice of polytheism, which was the religion of pagan Arabia, and introduced the concept of unity or oneness of God. According to Muhammad’s teachings, there are certain tenets and standards of living, ethics and polity, as described in the Quran, the holy book of Muslims, to be followed by Muslims, failing which they would face penalty both in this life and in the afterlife. Muslims have faith in the Judgment Day, when all humans will be judged for their deeds and will be sent to hell or heaven based on their doings. Muslims place a great significance on the conservation of women’s modesty, and so, women are asked to cover themselves by veils. They are not allowed to reveal themselves to other men except their husbands and close kin. Women and men are segregated in their social gatherings. Although it is widely be lieved that Muslim women are suppressed, it is believed to be the wrongdoing of men themselves rather than Islam, as Islam preaches equality of both men and women (Ezzati, 2002). Muslims are forbidden to consume pork and alcohol (Shepard, 2009). While monogamy is the common practice among Muslims, polygamy is legal and permitted by Islam (Shepard, 2009). While Muslim women are allowed only one husband, Muslim men can have a maximum of four wives only if they can treat all their wives equally. The Arabs made great scientific and cultural progress with the advent of Islam (Shepard, 2009). Origin and Expansion of Islam Islam has many universal elements that appealed to all cultures and religions outside Arabia (Stearns et al., 2004). This led to the acceptance of Islam and conversion to Islam by people of other religions such as Christianity, Judaism, etc. Following the death of Muhammad, his followers set up a caliphate in order to maintain political stability among the Arabs (Hemming er, 1997). Abu-Bakr was made the first caliph and military exhibition was used to gain the caliph’s authority over Arabia (Hemminger, 1997). Under his caliphate, the Arabs overtook Persian and Byzantine forces. He was succeeded by Umar, who became the second caliph and under whose reign, many other neighboring empires were conquered. By 637 CE, Ctesiphon (Persia’